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Backgrounds
From: AFRICANS AND SEMINOLES

Black men and war policy
From: AFRICANS AND SEMINOLES

Civil war and emancipation
From: AFRICANS AND SEMINOLES

INTRODUCTION: FOOD, HISTORY AND CULTURE
From: American Indian Food

RELOCATION PROGRAM (1950s)
From: THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NATIVE AMERICAN LEGAL TRADITION

RELOCATION.
From: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN INDIAN CIVIL RIGHTS

Removal
From: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS

REMOVAL ACT OF 1830 4 Stat. 411
From: THE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NATIVE AMERICAN LEGAL TRADITION

Removal, Relocation, and Urbanization
From: NATIONS WITHIN A NATION

The 1950s: Termination and Relocation
From: NATIVE AMERICANS IN THE NEWS

THE CONDITION OF THE WINNEBAGO INDIANS IN NEBRASKA, OCTOBER 3, 1865Little Hill (Winnebago)
From: GREAT DOCUMENTS IN AMERICAN INDIAN HISTORY

The emigrants
From: AFRICANS AND SEMINOLES

Trail of Tears
From: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS

T
From: Dictionary of Genocide

TRAIL OF TEARS.
From: ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN INDIAN CIVIL RIGHTS

In 1838, tens of thousands of Cherokee, Creek, and Choctaw Indians were forced to move to regions west of the Mississippi. This event was depicted in Robert Lindneux's painting, Trail of Tears. Many had to make the trip on foot, and thousands did not survive the journey.

Since the 1700s North American Indians have fought the displacement from their tribal lands. Often, displacement resulted from treaties between the United States and Indian tribes. In 1986, demonstrators protested outside the Bureau of Indian Affairs office in New York City against the relocation of Native Americans in northern Arizona.